Inhibition of AOM-induced Colorectal Aberrant Crypt Foci in Mice Fed a High-fat Diet by Mushrooms

In Japan, the age-adjusted mortality due to colon cancer increased in both men and women from the postwar era to the mid-1990s, and, subsequently, gradually decreased (Cancer Information Service, 2015). Site-specific cancer mortality rates were: lung cancer, 23.9%, gastric cancer, 15.0%, and colon cancer, 11.9% (third-leading cause of death among men) in men, and colon cancer, 14.9% (firstleading cause of death among women) in women (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 2012). Dietary habits, such as excessive calorie and animal fat intake, particularly meat, alcohol, and fat ingestion, are associated with the development of colon cancer. Excessive fat intake, as well as obesity, increases the risks of hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis (Miyazaki et al., 2010), and colon carcinogenesis (Bardou et al., 2013). As recently reported, visceral fat obesity is strongly correlated with the risk of colon carcinogenesis (Endo et al., 2013). Mushrooms have physiological activities, such as antitumor activity (Ren et al., 2012), cardiovascular disease-preventing effects (Guillamon et al., 2010),